03559cam a22004934i 4500001001300000003000600013005001700019008004100036010001700077015001900094016001800113020004200131020004500173020003700218020004000255024001800295024001600313035007500329040002400404042000800428043001200436050001900448100004200467245006200509264005700571264001200628300004600640504006700686505120700753520012601960648002102086650002302107650002302130650003902153650006102192856004702253856008102300856010102381856017902482856010902661856009402770856010202864856009902966ocm61451536 OCoLC20241217095843.0050823t20062006mdua     b    001 0 eng    a  2005024560  aGBA7806452bnb7 a0135436122Uk  a0801883326q(hardcover ;qalk. paper)  a9780801883323q(hardcover ;qalk. paper)  a0801883334q(pbk. ;qalk. paper)  a9780801883330q(pbk. ;qalk. paper)3 a97808018833303 a99819458694  a(OCoLC)61451536z(OCoLC)786169358z(OCoLC)964604405z(OCoLC)1022696957  bengcGAFCSC LIBRARY  apcc  af------00aJQ1879.A5bL631 aLindberg, Staffan I.,d1969-eauthor.10aDemocracy and elections in Africa /cStaffan I. Lindberg. 1aBaltimore :bJohns Hopkins University Press,c[2006] 4c�2006  axiii, 227 pages :billustrations ;c23 cm  aIncludes bibliographical references (pages 203-221) and index.0 aIntroduction. The role of elections ; Why Africa? ; On regimes ; On elections and democracy ; Preindependence and postindependence elections in African nations ; Contemporary Africa's track record ; Outline of the book -- On democracy and elections. Making a conceptual choice ; Defining democracy ; Operationalizing democratic qualities of elections ; Data collection and processing -- Elections in Africa over time. Frequency and number of elections ; The democratic qualities, on average ; Democratic qualities of elections over time ; Conclusions -- The self-reinforcing power of elections. Going from bad to worse ; First, second, third, fourth and later elections ; A panel-group comparison ; Conclusions -- The causal effects of elections. Democratic qualities in society ; A missing factor of democratization ; Hypotheses and causal links -- Democratization by elections? Elections are associated with civil liberties ; Analyzing by countries ; Conclusions -- Comparative perspectives and reflections. The transition paradigm ; Corruption and democratization ; Stateness and social citizenship ; Lessons on consolidation ; Policy implications ; The power of elections in unfavorable conditions.  aThis volume studies elections as a core institution of liberal democracy in the context of newly democratizing countries. 7aSince 19602fast 0aElectionszAfrica. 0aDemocracyzAfrica. 7aAfrica.2ascl0(NL-LeOCL)294896791 7a89.57 political participation.0(NL-LeOCL)0776090342bcl413ebraryuhttp://site.ebrary.com/id/10188459413Table of contentsuhttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0518/2005024560.html413Table of contentsqapplication/pdfuhttp://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz257943706inh.htmv20090306151524413Table of contentsuhttp://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014802364&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA423Contributor biographical informationuhttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0623/2005024560-b.html423Publisher descriptionuhttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0623/2005024560-d.html4 3Verlagsinformationqapplication/pdfuhttp://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz257943706vlg.htmv200903061515344 uhttp://site.ebrary.com/lib/stanford/Doc?id=10188459zAvailable to Stanford-affiliated users at